《中英對照讀新聞》Kids' incontinence may affect psyche, behavior 孩童尿失禁可能影響心理、行為

◎鄭寺音

Children who have soiling problems are more likely than their peers to have a range of behavioral and emotional difficulties, new research shows.

有大小便問題的孩童，會比同儕更可能有各種行為與情緒問題，新研究顯示。

In a study of more than 8,200 British children ages 7 and 8, researchers found that those with fecal incontinence were more likely to have attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive behavior and conduct problems like oppositional-defiant disorder.

在一份針對超過8,200名7歲和8歲英國孩童的研究中，研究人員發現，那些排泄失禁者，比較可能有注意力不足過動障礙症、緊張、強迫症與像是對立─反抗症的行為問題。

They were also more likely than their peers to either be victims of bullying or be bullies themselves.

他們也比同儕更可能成為被欺負的受害者或恃強凌弱。

The findings, published in the journal Pediatrics, show that children with soiling problems often have psychological difficulties. It's not clear, though, which problems come first, according to the study led by Dr. Carol Joinson of the University of Bristol.

這項刊登在小兒科期刊的調查結果顯示，有大小便問題的孩童常常有心理困難，但不清楚哪些問題先出現，根據布里斯托大學卡蘿．喬茵森博士領導的這項研究指出。

In general, fecal incontinence in older children is often related to constipation. Still, Joinson and her colleagues write, it's likely that a complex mix of dietary, genetic, biological and psychological factors also come into play.

一般來說，較年長孩童的大小便失禁常與便秘有關，然而，喬茵森與她的同事寫道，也可能是飲食、基因、生理與心理等多項因素交相作用而造成。

新聞辭典

soil：動詞，（尤指以排泄物或糞便）弄髒，玷汙。例句：The kittens had soiled the carpet.（小貓把地毯弄髒了。）

incontinence：失禁；形容詞為 incontinent 。例句：Many of our elderly patients are incontinent. （許多老人都有失禁問題。）

fecal：形容詞，排泄物的；殘渣的；名詞為feces，排泄物。

come into play：起作用；發生效用。例句：The new rules have already come into play.（新規則已經開始生效。）